Pair page
Kisspeptin with PT-141
Mechanism-tag overlap and published literature for Kisspeptin and PT-141, pulled verbatim from each Kalios compound profile. Kalios is a literature reference, not a recommendation.
Mechanism overlap
Mechanism tags are verbatim labels on each compound's profile. Generic tags ("peptide", "small-molecule", "research-chemical") are excluded from this overlap view. Tags are descriptive — not an inference about combined effect.
endogenous-hpg-axis-master-regulator
melanocortin-receptor-agonist
Co-administration notes from the literature
Verbatim summary text pulled from each compound's profile data. Researchers studying Kisspeptin and PT-141 have published these mechanism-level observations. Not a co-administration recommendation.
Activates the hypothalamic GnRH pulse generator upstream of the gonadal axis; complementary (different pathway) to MC4R activation. Some users pair for layered hormonal/CNS arousal support. Evidence is primarily mechanistic, not clinical-trial-based.
Quick facts
Kisspeptin
PT-141
Literature table
Classified references from each compound profile. Click a column header to sort. Click a PMID to open PubMed. Findings are quoted verbatim from each profile's literature_summary; nothing here is added or interpreted.
| Year | Compound | Source | Finding |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | Kisspeptin | Thurston L, Hunjan T, Ertl N, Wall MB, Mills EG, Suladze S, et al. Effects of Kisspeptin Administration in Women With Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(10):e2236131. PMID: 36227594. PMID 36227594 | human trial |
| 2018 | Kisspeptin | Trevisan CM, Montagna E, de Oliveira R, Christofolini DM, Barbosa CP, Crandall KA, Bianco B. Kisspeptin/GPR54 System: What Do We Know About Its Role in Human Reproduction? Cell Physiol Biochem. 2018;49(4):1259-1276. PMID: 30205368. PMID 30205368 | human study |
| 2017 | Kisspeptin | Comninos AN, Wall MB, Demetriou L, Shah AJ, Clarke SA, Narayanaswamy S, et al. Kisspeptin modulates sexual and emotional brain processing in humans. J Clin Invest. 2017;127(2):709-719. PMID: 28112678. PMID 28112678 | human study |
| 2014 | Kisspeptin | Skorupskaite K, George JT, Anderson RA. The kisspeptin-GnRH pathway in human reproductive health and disease. Hum Reprod Update. 2014;20(4):485-500. PMID: 24615662. PMID 24615662 | human study |
| 2011 | Kisspeptin | Chan YM, Butler JP, Pinnell NE, Pralong FP, Crowley WF Jr, Ren C, et al. Kisspeptin resets the hypothalamic GnRH clock in men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(6):E908-915. PMID: 21470993. PMID 21470993 | human study |
| 2009 | Kisspeptin | Jayasena CN, Nijher GM, Chaudhri OB, Murphy KG, Ranger A, Lim A, et al. Subcutaneous injection of kisspeptin-54 acutely stimulates gonadotropin secretion in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea, but chronic administration causes tachyphylaxis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(11):… PMID 19820030 | human study |
| 2005 | Kisspeptin | Dhillo WS, Chaudhri OB, Patterson M, Thompson EL, Murphy KG, Badman MK, et al. Kisspeptin-54 stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal axis in human males. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(12):6609-6615. PMID: 16174713. PMID 16174713 | human study |
| 2007 | Kisspeptin | Lapatto R, Pallais JC, Zhang D, Chan YM, Mahan A, Cerrato F, et al. Kiss1−/− mice exhibit more variable hypogonadism than Gpr54−/− mice. Endocrinology. 2007;148(10):4927-4936. PMID: 17595229. PMID 17595229 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2015 | Kisspeptin | Abbara A, Jayasena CN, Christopoulos G, Narayanaswamy S, Izzi-Engbeaya C, Nijher GM, et al. Efficacy of Kisspeptin-54 to Trigger Oocyte Maturation in Women at High Risk of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) During In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Met… PMID 26192876 | preclinical, in vitro |
| 2014 | Kisspeptin | Jayasena CN, Abbara A, Comninos AN, Nijher GM, Christopoulos G, Narayanaswamy S, et al. Kisspeptin-54 triggers egg maturation in women undergoing in vitro fertilization. J Clin Invest. 2014;124(8):3667-3677. PMID: 25036713. PMID 25036713 | preclinical, in vitro |
| 2020 | Kisspeptin | Abbara A, Eng PC, Phylactou M, Clarke SA, Hunjan T, Roberts R, et al. Kisspeptin receptor agonist has therapeutic potential for female reproductive disorders. J Clin Invest. 2020;130(12):6739-6753. PMID: 33196464. PMID 33196464 | research article |
| 2015 | Kisspeptin | Clarke H, Dhillo WS, Jayasena CN. Comprehensive Review on Kisspeptin and Its Role in Reproductive Disorders. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2015;30(2):124-141. PMID: 26194072. PMID 26194072 | research article |
| 2022 | PT-141 | Simon JA, Kingsberg SA, Portman D, et al. Prespecified and Integrated Subgroup Analyses from the RECONNECT Phase 3 Studies of Bremelanotide. J Sex Med. 2022. PMID: 35230162. PMID 35230162 | human trial, Phase 3 |
| 2019 | PT-141 | Kingsberg SA, Clayton AH, Portman D, Williams LA, Krop J, Jordan R, Lucas J, Simon JA. Bremelanotide for the Treatment of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: Two Randomized Phase 3 Trials. Obstet Gynecol. 2019;134(5):899-908. PMID: 31599840. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003500. PMID 31599840 | human trial, Phase 3 |
| 2021 | PT-141 | Kingsberg SA, Clayton AH, Portman D, et al. The Patient Experience of Premenopausal Women Treated with Bremelanotide for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: RECONNECT Exit Study Results. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2021. PMID: 33538638. PMID 33538638 | human trial |
| 2016 | PT-141 | Clayton AH, Althof SE, Kingsberg S, DeRogatis LR, Kroll R, Goldstein I, Kaminetsky J, Spana C, Lucas J, Jordan R, Portman DJ. Bremelanotide for female sexual dysfunctions in premenopausal women: A randomized, placebo-controlled dose-finding trial. Womens Health (Lond). 2016;12(3… | human trial |
| 2008 | PT-141 | Rosen RC, Diamond LE, Earle DC, Shadiack AM. Salvage of Sildenafil Failures With Bremelanotide: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Study. J Urol. 2008;179(3):1060-1066. | human trial |
| — | PT-141 | ClinicalTrials.gov. Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Bremelanotide in Premenopausal Women With Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (RECONNECT 301). NCT02338960. | human trial |
| 2004 | PT-141 | Rosen RC, Diamond LE, Earle DC, Shadiack AM, Molinoff PB. Evaluation of the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of subcutaneously administered PT-141, a melanocortin receptor agonist, in healthy male subjects and in patients with an inadequate response to Viagra… PMID 14999221 | human study |
| 2003 | PT-141 | Molinoff PB, Shadiack AM, Earle D, Diamond LE, Quon CY. PT-141: a melanocortin agonist for the treatment of sexual dysfunction. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003;994:96-102. PMID: 12851303. PMID 12851303 | human study |
| 2004 | PT-141 | Pfaus JG, Shadiack A, Van Soest T, Tse M, Molinoff P. Selective facilitation of sexual solicitation in the female rat by a melanocortin receptor agonist. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101(27):10201-10204. PMID: 15226502. PMID 15226502 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2019 | PT-141 | US Food and Drug Administration. VYLEESI (bremelanotide injection) prescribing information. 2019. Reference ID: 4436693. | regulatory / registry |
| 2022 | PT-141 | Clayton AH, Kingsberg SA, Portman D, Sadiq A, Krop J, Jordan R, Lucas J, Simon JA. Safety Profile of Bremelanotide Across the Clinical Development Program. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2022;31(2):171-182. PMID: 35147466. PMID 35147466 | research article |
| 2019 | PT-141 | Dhillon S, Keam SJ. Bremelanotide: First Approval. Drugs. 2019;79(14):1599-1606. PMID: 31429064. DOI: 10.1007/s40265-019-01187-w. PMID 31429064 | research article |
Related pair pages
More research context
Frequently asked
Have Kisspeptin and PT-141 been studied together?
Researchers have published mechanistic-level co-administration discussion of Kisspeptin and PT-141. No human co-administration trials are catalogued in the Kalios profiles. The pair page lists each compound's classified literature; full citations sit on each individual profile.
What mechanisms do Kisspeptin and PT-141 share?
Kisspeptin and PT-141 do not share a specific mechanism tag on their Kalios profiles. They appear on the same pair page because at least one profile lists the other in its co-administration data.
What is the FDA status of Kisspeptin and PT-141?
Kisspeptin: Not approved; active Phase 2. PT-141: Approved 2019 (HSDD). FDA-status text is pulled verbatim from each compound profile. See /fda-pcac-2026.html for the broader FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee context.
Where can I find the full research on Kisspeptin and PT-141?
Full citation lists, dosing tables from the literature, reconstitution data, and the FDA / WADA status are on the individual compound profiles: the Kisspeptin profile and the PT-141 profile. The Kalios Stack Research Tool hub lists every compound covered.
Last updated: April 2026