Pair page
Melanotan II with PT-141
Mechanism-tag overlap and published literature for Melanotan II and PT-141, pulled verbatim from each Kalios compound profile. Kalios is a literature reference, not a recommendation.
Mechanism overlap
Mechanism tags are verbatim labels on each compound's profile. Generic tags ("peptide", "small-molecule", "research-chemical") are excluded from this overlap view. Tags are descriptive — not an inference about combined effect.
non-selective-melanocortin-agonisttanning-sexual
melanocortin-receptor-agonist
Co-administration notes from the literature
Verbatim summary text pulled from each compound's profile data. Researchers studying Melanotan II and PT-141 have published these mechanism-level observations. Not a co-administration recommendation.
Mechanistic cousin with MC4R-selective profile. Users sometimes rotate between MT-II (tanning cycles) and PT-141 (sexual function on-demand) to get the two effects while minimizing chronic MC1R exposure. PT-141 is FDA-approved for HSDD; MT-II is not approved.
Quick facts
Melanotan II
PT-141
Literature table
Classified references from each compound profile. Click a column header to sort. Click a PMID to open PubMed. Findings are quoted verbatim from each profile's literature_summary; nothing here is added or interpreted.
| Year | Compound | Source | Finding |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | Melanotan II | Chen AC, Martin AJ, Choy B, Fernandez-Penas P, Dalziell RA, McKenzie CA, Scolyer RA, Dhillon HM, Vardy JL, Kricker A, St George G, Chinniah N, Halliday GM, Damian DL. A phase 3 randomized trial of nicotinamide for skin-cancer chemoprevention (ONTRAC). N Engl J Med. 2015;373(17):… PMID 26488693 | human trial, Phase 3 |
| 1998 | Melanotan II | Wessells H, Fuciarelli K, Hansen J, Hadley ME, Hruby VJ, Dorr R, Levine N. Synthetic melanotropic peptide initiates erections in men with psychogenic erectile dysfunction: double-blind, placebo controlled crossover study. J Urol. 1998;160(2):389-393. PMID: 9679884. PMID 9679884 | human trial |
| 1996 | Melanotan II | Dorr RT, Lines R, Levine N, Brooks C, Xiang L, Hruby VJ, Hadley ME. Evaluation of melanotan-II, a superpotent cyclic melanotropic peptide in a pilot phase-I clinical study. Life Sci. 1996;58(20):1777-1784. PMID: 8637402. PMID 8637402 | human pilot |
| 2014 | Melanotan II | Rössler E, Salih V, Lee N, Bolz S, Pellacani G, Raposio E, Hönigsmann H. Melanocortin receptor agonists in the treatment of male and female sexual dysfunctions: results from basic research and clinical studies. Curr Top Med Chem. 2014;14(23):2670-2683. PMID: 25096243. PMID 25096243 | human study |
| 2004 | Melanotan II | Levine N, Dorr RT, Ertl GA, Brooks C, Alberts DS. Effects of a superpotent melanotropic peptide in combination with solar UV radiation on tanning of the skin in human volunteers. Arch Dermatol. 2004;140(9):1126-1129. PMID: 15262693. PMID 15262693 | human study |
| 2000 | Melanotan II | Wessells H, Gralnek D, Dorr R, Hruby VJ, Hadley ME, Levine N. Effect of an alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone analog on penile erection and sexual desire in men with organic erectile dysfunction. Urology. 2000;56(4):641-646. PMID: 11018622. PMID 11018622 | human study |
| 2005 | Melanotan II | Hadley ME. Discovery that a melanocortin regulates sexual functions in male and female humans. Peptides. 2005;26(10):1687-1689. PMID: 15996790. PMID 15996790 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2015 | Melanotan II | Gorrie S, Elwes R, Hardman G, Stratigos AJ. An unhealthy glow? A review of melanotan use and associated clinical outcomes. Australas J Dermatol. 2015;56(3):e66-e71. | review |
| 2015 | Melanotan II | Lengyel I. Melanotan-II (MT-II): a safety perspective on an unlicensed product. Drug Test Anal. 2015;7(11-12):989-994. | review |
| 2021 | Melanotan II | Melanotan tanning injection: a rare cause of priapism. Case report. 2021. PMC7930850. | case report |
| 2012 | Melanotan II | Ellis R, Lahiri R, Chandler J, Mohamed MB. Melanotan II injection resulting in systemic toxicity and rhabdomyolysis. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2012;50(8):729-730. PMID: 23121206. PMID 23121206 | research article |
| 2011 | Melanotan II | Paurobally D, Jason F, Dezfoulian B, Nikkels AF. Melanotan-associated melanoma. Br J Dermatol. 2011;164(6):1403-1405. PMID: 21457222. PMID 21457222 | research article |
| 2022 | PT-141 | Simon JA, Kingsberg SA, Portman D, et al. Prespecified and Integrated Subgroup Analyses from the RECONNECT Phase 3 Studies of Bremelanotide. J Sex Med. 2022. PMID: 35230162. PMID 35230162 | human trial, Phase 3 |
| 2019 | PT-141 | Kingsberg SA, Clayton AH, Portman D, Williams LA, Krop J, Jordan R, Lucas J, Simon JA. Bremelanotide for the Treatment of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: Two Randomized Phase 3 Trials. Obstet Gynecol. 2019;134(5):899-908. PMID: 31599840. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003500. PMID 31599840 | human trial, Phase 3 |
| 2021 | PT-141 | Kingsberg SA, Clayton AH, Portman D, et al. The Patient Experience of Premenopausal Women Treated with Bremelanotide for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: RECONNECT Exit Study Results. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2021. PMID: 33538638. PMID 33538638 | human trial |
| 2016 | PT-141 | Clayton AH, Althof SE, Kingsberg S, DeRogatis LR, Kroll R, Goldstein I, Kaminetsky J, Spana C, Lucas J, Jordan R, Portman DJ. Bremelanotide for female sexual dysfunctions in premenopausal women: A randomized, placebo-controlled dose-finding trial. Womens Health (Lond). 2016;12(3… | human trial |
| 2008 | PT-141 | Rosen RC, Diamond LE, Earle DC, Shadiack AM. Salvage of Sildenafil Failures With Bremelanotide: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Study. J Urol. 2008;179(3):1060-1066. | human trial |
| — | PT-141 | ClinicalTrials.gov. Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Bremelanotide in Premenopausal Women With Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (RECONNECT 301). NCT02338960. | human trial |
| 2004 | PT-141 | Rosen RC, Diamond LE, Earle DC, Shadiack AM, Molinoff PB. Evaluation of the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of subcutaneously administered PT-141, a melanocortin receptor agonist, in healthy male subjects and in patients with an inadequate response to Viagra… PMID 14999221 | human study |
| 2003 | PT-141 | Molinoff PB, Shadiack AM, Earle D, Diamond LE, Quon CY. PT-141: a melanocortin agonist for the treatment of sexual dysfunction. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003;994:96-102. PMID: 12851303. PMID 12851303 | human study |
| 2004 | PT-141 | Pfaus JG, Shadiack A, Van Soest T, Tse M, Molinoff P. Selective facilitation of sexual solicitation in the female rat by a melanocortin receptor agonist. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101(27):10201-10204. PMID: 15226502. PMID 15226502 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2019 | PT-141 | US Food and Drug Administration. VYLEESI (bremelanotide injection) prescribing information. 2019. Reference ID: 4436693. | regulatory / registry |
| 2022 | PT-141 | Clayton AH, Kingsberg SA, Portman D, Sadiq A, Krop J, Jordan R, Lucas J, Simon JA. Safety Profile of Bremelanotide Across the Clinical Development Program. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2022;31(2):171-182. PMID: 35147466. PMID 35147466 | research article |
| 2019 | PT-141 | Dhillon S, Keam SJ. Bremelanotide: First Approval. Drugs. 2019;79(14):1599-1606. PMID: 31429064. DOI: 10.1007/s40265-019-01187-w. PMID 31429064 | research article |
Related pair pages
More research context
Frequently asked
Have Melanotan II and PT-141 been studied together?
Researchers have published mechanistic-level co-administration discussion of Melanotan II and PT-141. No human co-administration trials are catalogued in the Kalios profiles. The pair page lists each compound's classified literature; full citations sit on each individual profile.
What mechanisms do Melanotan II and PT-141 share?
Melanotan II and PT-141 do not share a specific mechanism tag on their Kalios profiles. They appear on the same pair page because at least one profile lists the other in its co-administration data.
What is the FDA status of Melanotan II and PT-141?
Melanotan II: Not approved; MHRA banned. PT-141: Approved 2019 (HSDD). FDA-status text is pulled verbatim from each compound profile. See /fda-pcac-2026.html for the broader FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee context.
Where can I find the full research on Melanotan II and PT-141?
Full citation lists, dosing tables from the literature, reconstitution data, and the FDA / WADA status are on the individual compound profiles: the Melanotan II profile and the PT-141 profile. The Kalios Stack Research Tool hub lists every compound covered.
Last updated: April 2026