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Pemvidutide

Gray market

Checked · 25 sources · 9 corrections on this page · No vendors · No affiliates · No one buys a word of it

−15.6% body weight

Phase II · 48 weeks · 2.4 mg once a week · MOMENTUM · company report · Altimmune 2023

Gray market · No FDA ruling — not on any list

Not sold: trial drug only.

Bottom line

A phase 3 trial is under way in MASH, not in obesity (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT07795164); the weight result still needs a peer-reviewed report.

Also called
  • ALT-801
  • GLP-1 / GCGR dual agonist
  • EuPort C-16 lipid-conjugated peptide
  • Altimmune Inc.
Category
Peptide — Dual GLP-1 / Glucagon Receptor Agonist
Class
Dual GLP-1R / GCGR agonist
Receptor Ratio
Balanced: 39 pM at GLP-1R, 42 pM at GCGR (Nestor et al., 2022)
Modification
EuPort glycolipid domain, which binds albumin and slows absorption (Nestor et al., 2022)
Half-life
No figure in the papers cited; given once a week in its trials (Harrison et al., 2025)
Route (studied)
SubQ (people)
Route (sold)
Not sold: trials only
Developer
Altimmune Inc. (NASDAQ: ALT)
FDA Status
Phase 2 (obesity, MASH)
Pipeline
Phase 3 PERFORMA (MASH) (NCT07795164), primary completion est. Dec 2028
Key Trials
MOMENTUM, IMPACT
Cost & Access
Not yet commercial

Also for weight loss

The other four questions

What does it do? It activates the GLP-1 and glucagon receptors (Harrison et al., 2025). In trials it lowered body weight and liver fat (Harrison et al., 2025; Browne et al., 2025). Its developers’ rationale is that glucagon-receptor activity acts on the liver directly, raising fat burning and lowering fat production (Harrison et al., 2025).
Who uses it? Trial participants. No document read for this page shows it approved, compounded or sold anywhere.
Does the evidence hold up? For liver disease, partly: in a 212-patient MASH trial the disease resolved in 52–58% at 24 weeks against 20% on placebo, but fibrosis did not improve significantly (Noureddin et al., 2025). For weight, the 48-week obesity trial in 391 adults is reported only by the company: 15.6% on the top dose against 2.2% on placebo (Altimmune, November 30, 2023).
Bottom line? A phase 3 trial is under way in MASH, not in obesity (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT07795164); the weight result still needs a peer-reviewed report.

Dosing from the Literature

Published for fat loss: 1.2, 1.8 or 2.4 mg once a week for 48 weeks in the MOMENTUM phase 2, as the company reported it (Altimmune, November 30, 2023). Not published: a journal report of MOMENTUM, or any phase 3 result.

The rows give each trial’s doses and population; they are trial doses, not recommendations. No document read for this page shows pemvidutide used outside its trials.

TrialDoseScheduleWho, and the main result
MOMENTUM, phase 2, obesity (Altimmune, November 30, 2023; NCT05295875)1.2, 1.8 or 2.4 mgWeekly SubQ, 48 weeks; 1.2 and 1.8 mg without titration, 2.4 mg after a 4-week titration391 adults with obesity, or overweight with a weight-related condition, without diabetes. Weight −10.3%, −11.2% and −15.6%, against −2.2% on placebo (company report)
Phase 1b, fatty liver (Harrison et al., 2025; NCT05006885)1.2, 1.8 or 2.4 mgWeekly SubQ, 12 weeks94 adults with BMI ≥28 and liver fat ≥10%. Liver fat −46.6%, −68.5% and −57.1%, against −4.4% on placebo
Extension (Browne et al., 2025; NCT05292911)The same dosesWeekly SubQ, 12 more weeks, 24 in all64 who completed the phase 1b. Liver fat −56.3%, −75.2% and −76.4%, against −14.0%
IMPACT, phase 2b, MASH (Noureddin et al., 2025; NCT05989711)1.2 or 1.8 mgWeekly SubQ, without titration; 48 weeks, 24-week results published212 adults with biopsy-confirmed MASH and fibrosis stage F2–F3. MASH resolved in 58% and 52%, against 20% on placebo
RECLAIM, phase 2, alcohol use disorder (Altimmune, July 28, 2026; NCT06987513)2.4 mgWeekly SubQ, 24 weeksAbout 100 adults with moderate to severe alcohol use disorder and BMI over 25. 1.45 fewer heavy drinking days a week than on placebo (company report)
PERFORMA, phase 3, MASH (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT07795164)1.8 or 2.4 mgWeekly SubQ; biopsy at week 52, outcomes to about month 601,800 adults with MASH planned; recruiting since July 2026. No results
Dosing Disclaimer

These are the trials’ doses, each with its population; they are not a dosing guide. Pemvidutide is not approved anywhere, and no document read for this page shows it supplied outside Altimmune’s trials. Consult a licensed healthcare provider.

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What It Is

Pemvidutide (development designation ALT-801) is a once-weekly subcutaneously injected synthetic peptide dual agonist at the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and the glucagon receptor (GCGR). It is being developed by Altimmune Inc. (NASDAQ: ALT), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company based in Gaithersburg, Maryland. Pemvidutide is the lead asset in Altimmune's metabolic franchise and the principal clinical program driving the company's current commercial positioning.

Pemvidutide, first developed as SP-1373 by Spitfire Pharma, has closely matched potency at the GLP-1 receptor (39 pM) and the glucagon receptor (42 pM), and is joined to Altimmune’s EuPort glycolipid domain, which its developers write binds serum albumin and slows the drug’s absorption (Nestor et al., 2022).

The developers’ rationale is that glucagon-receptor agonists act directly on the liver to burn fatty acids and block fat synthesis, which may lower liver fat more than weight loss alone (Harrison et al., 2025). Other GLP-1/glucagon dual agonists include survodutide (le Roux et al., 2024) and mazdutide; AstraZeneca’s cotadutide was tested in a 54-week phase 2b trial (Nahra et al., 2021).

Pemvidutide’s phase 2 trials reported weight loss in obesity (MOMENTUM, by the company’s report) and MASH resolution in IMPACT, which did not meet its fibrosis endpoint at 24 weeks (Altimmune, November 30, 2023; Noureddin et al., 2025). The phase 3 trial that began recruiting in July 2026 is in MASH (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT07795164); no phase 3 in obesity is registered. As of October 2026 it is investigational only: not FDA-approved, not commercially available and not compounded.

Mechanism of Action

Pemvidutide activates the GLP-1 and glucagon receptors (Harrison et al., 2025). The trials measured weight, liver fat and liver tissue; how the two receptors produce those effects comes from GLP-1 physiology, the developers’ rationale and animal studies.

  • GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) — GLP-1 raises insulin and lowers glucagon after meals, slows stomach emptying and reduces food intake (Drucker, 2018).
  • Glucagon receptor (GCGR) in the liver — Its developers write that glucagon-receptor agonists act directly on the liver to stimulate fatty-acid oxidation and inhibit fat production, which they propose as a stronger way to cut liver fat than weight loss alone (Harrison et al., 2025).
  • In mice with NASH — Over 12 weeks, ALT-801 cut body weight about 25% and lowered liver enzymes, cholesterol and liver fat, more than semaglutide on those measures, and lowered markers of liver inflammation and fibrosis against untreated mice (Nestor et al., 2022).
  • Energy use (rodents) — A weekly GLP-1/glucagon co-agonist cut body fat in obese mice through lower food intake and higher energy expenditure (Day et al., 2009).
  • Liver fat (people) — Liver fat fell 46.6% to 68.5% in 12 weeks, against 4.4% on placebo, with weight down 4.3% at 1.8 mg (Harrison et al., 2025).
  • Lean mass (claimed) — Altimmune has presented body-composition data from MOMENTUM as showing less lean-mass loss than other GLP-1 drugs; MOMENTUM has no peer-reviewed report (PubMed, searched October 4, 2026).

What the Research Shows

Pemvidutide's clinical evidence base consists of two principal Phase 2 trials — MOMENTUM in obesity and IMPACT in MASH — plus supporting Phase 1 pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies.

  • MOMENTUM Phase 2 obesity trial — Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 48 weeks, 391 adults with obesity or overweight with a weight-related condition, without diabetes, given 1.2, 1.8 or 2.4 mg weekly or placebo with diet and exercise. Weight fell 10.3%, 11.2% and 15.6%, against 2.2% on placebo; systolic blood pressure fell 4.6 mm Hg and total cholesterol 15.1% on 2.4 mg. Reported by the company (Altimmune, November 30, 2023); no peer-reviewed report is in PubMed (searched October 4, 2026).
  • IMPACT Phase 2b MASH trial (Noureddin et al., 2025) — 212 adults with biopsy-confirmed MASH and fibrosis stage F2–F3, at 83 sites in the USA and Australia. At 24 weeks, MASH resolved without worsening fibrosis in 58% (1.2 mg) and 52% (1.8 mg), against 20% on placebo; fibrosis improved in 33% and 36%, against 28%, not a significant difference. The trial met one of its two primary endpoints.
  • Fatty liver, 12 and 24 weeks (Harrison et al., 2025; Browne et al., 2025) — In 94 adults with liver fat of 10% or more, liver fat fell 46.6% to 68.5% at 12 weeks, against 4.4% on placebo; in the 64 who continued, 56.3% to 76.4% at 24 weeks, against 14.0%.
  • Lean mass preservation analyses — Altimmune has presented body-composition substudy data from MOMENTUM suggesting pemvidutide produces proportionally greater fat mass loss with less lean mass loss than published data on semaglutide and tirzepatide. If confirmed in Phase 3, this is a meaningful differentiation.
  • Cardiovascular biomarker improvements — Reductions in blood pressure, triglycerides, LDL-C, and inflammatory markers — consistent with broader GLP-1 agonist class effects, possibly additively improved by GCGR-driven hepatic lipid clearance.
  • Glycemic effects in non-diabetic obesity — As expected for a GLP-1 agonist in non-diabetic patients, modest glycemic improvements without meaningful hypoglycemia risk.
  • Phase 1 pharmacokinetic characterization — Supports weekly SubQ dosing schedule; dose-proportional exposure; half-life approximately 4 days.
  • Tolerability — In MOMENTUM, gastrointestinal effects were the most common, and 19.6% stopped treatment for adverse events on 2.4 mg, against 6.2% on placebo (Altimmune, November 30, 2023).
  • Competitive positioning vs survodutide and mazdutide — Survodutide Phase 2 (Boehringer): ~18.7% weight loss at 46 weeks; Phase 2 MASH positive. Mazdutide Phase 2 (Innovent/Lilly): mid-teens percent weight loss in Chinese obesity population. Pemvidutide's ~15.6% at 48 weeks is competitive within the class but not category-leading on weight loss magnitude alone.
  • Heart rate elevation — Consistent with GCGR class; modest resting heart rate increase observed. Longer-term cardiovascular outcomes await Phase 3.
  • No phase 3 data — The phase 3 trial, PERFORMA, is in MASH and began recruiting in July 2026; none is registered in obesity (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT07795164).
Research Context

No registered trial compares pemvidutide head to head with another obesity or MASH drug (ClinicalTrials.gov, searched October 11, 2026), so comparisons with survodutide, mazdutide or tirzepatide cross separate trials with different populations and lengths.

Human Data

Pemvidutide's human evidence base consists of investigational-drug clinical trial data only:

  • Phase 1 single-ascending-dose (SAD) and multiple-ascending-dose (MAD) studies — Established pharmacokinetics, preliminary tolerability, and dose-range for Phase 2.
  • Phase 1b 12-week proof-of-concept in obesity — Provided initial weight loss and metabolic signal supporting Phase 2 advancement.
  • Phase 2 MOMENTUM obesity trial (NCT05295875) — 48-week randomized placebo-controlled trial across multiple dose arms. Primary endpoint of mean percent change in body weight at week 48. Reported topline ~15.6% weight loss at the 2.4 mg weekly dose.
  • Phase 2b IMPACT MASH trial (NCT05989711) — 48 weeks, 212 adults with biopsy-confirmed MASH and fibrosis F2–F3; the 24-week biopsy results are published (Noureddin et al., 2025).
  • Phase 2 alcohol trials — RECLAIM, in alcohol use disorder, met its primary endpoint by the company’s report (Altimmune, July 28, 2026); RESTORE, in alcohol-associated liver disease, is under way (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT07009860).
  • Clinical trial registry listings — Multiple ongoing and planned studies listed on ClinicalTrials.gov.
  • Altimmune investor and scientific presentations — ADA 2024, EASL 2024, The Obesity Society 2024, AASLD 2024 — covering MOMENTUM and IMPACT interim/topline data.
  • Peer-reviewed publications — The 12- and 24-week fatty-liver trials and IMPACT’s 24-week results (Harrison et al., 2025; Browne et al., 2025; Noureddin et al., 2025). PubMed lists no report of MOMENTUM (searched October 4, 2026).
  • No commercial availability — Pemvidutide is not FDA-approved and not commercially accessible outside the clinical trial framework as of October 2026.
  • No off-label compounded access — Because pemvidutide is an active IND-stage proprietary compound with no FDA approval, it is not eligible for 503A or 503B compounding in the United States.

Pemvidutide is a strictly investigational compound in active mid-stage development. It is not the same accessibility profile as commercially available semaglutide or tirzepatide; community use is not a relevant framing.

Reconstitution & Storage

Altimmune’s trial supplies are the only pemvidutide in the documents read for this page, and none of them describes its formulation, storage or handling. In the trials it is injected under the skin once a week (Harrison et al., 2025).

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Side Effects & Risks

Important

Pemvidutide is investigational and approved nowhere; what is known of its side effects comes from trials of up to 48 weeks (Altimmune, November 30, 2023; Noureddin et al., 2025). Consult a licensed healthcare provider.

What the trials recorded:

  • Gastrointestinal effects — The most common. In MOMENTUM, nausea affected 51.5% on 2.4 mg against 11.3% on placebo, and vomiting 27.8% against 3.1% (Altimmune, November 30, 2023). In RECLAIM, on 2.4 mg: nausea 44%, constipation 26%, vomiting 18% (Altimmune, July 28, 2026).
  • Stopping for side effects — In MOMENTUM, 5.1%, 19.2% and 19.6% on 1.2, 1.8 and 2.4 mg, against 6.2% on placebo (Altimmune, November 30, 2023); in IMPACT, none on 1.2 mg and 1% on 1.8 mg, against 2% on placebo (Noureddin et al., 2025).
  • Any adverse event — In IMPACT, 78% (1.2 mg) and 81% (1.8 mg), against 67% on placebo, mostly mild or moderate (Noureddin et al., 2025). The 12-week fatty-liver trial reported no severe or serious adverse events (Harrison et al., 2025).
  • Heart rate and blood pressure — In MOMENTUM, heart rate rose 2.5 beats a minute on 2.4 mg and systolic blood pressure fell 4.6 mm Hg (Altimmune, November 30, 2023).
  • Warnings on a related drug — The US label of semaglutide, a GLP-1 drug, warns of thyroid C-cell tumours in rodents, pancreatitis, gallbladder disease, a faster heart rate, and low blood sugar with insulin or a sulfonylurea (Wegovy label). Pemvidutide has no label.
  • Drug interactions — A phase 1 drug-interaction study in healthy volunteers is completed, with no results posted or published (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04972396).
  • WADA status — Not named on the Prohibited List, but prohibited at all times under S0, non-approved substances, because no government has approved it for human therapeutic use (WADA Prohibited List 2026).

Bloodwork & Monitoring

Pemvidutide has no label and no published monitoring guidance. What its trials measured:

  • Body weight — MOMENTUM’s primary outcome at week 48 (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05295875).
  • Liver fat by MRI-PDFF — The primary outcome of the 12- and 24-week fatty-liver trials (Harrison et al., 2025; Browne et al., 2025).
  • Liver biopsy — MASH resolution and fibrosis stage in IMPACT (Noureddin et al., 2025), and in PERFORMA at week 52 (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT07795164).
  • Liver enzymes and inflammation imaging — ALT and corrected cT1 in the 12-week trial (Harrison et al., 2025).
  • Heart rate, blood pressure and cholesterol — Reported for MOMENTUM (Altimmune, November 30, 2023).
  • Drinking — Heavy drinking days and the blood marker PEth in RECLAIM (Altimmune, July 28, 2026).
  • Which tests fit a given person — A question for a licensed healthcare provider. This page can’t answer it.

Commonly Stacked With

No document read for this page shows pemvidutide combined with another drug, by users or in a study. What a trial combined it with is recorded here as the documents give it:

Diet and exercise

MOMENTUM gave pemvidutide or placebo for 48 weeks with diet and exercise (Altimmune, November 30, 2023).

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Legal Status

Current Status — October 2026

Pemvidutide is not FDA-approved for any use. A phase 3 trial in MASH, PERFORMA, began recruiting in July 2026 (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT07795164). Phase 2 trials have been run in obesity (MOMENTUM), MASH (IMPACT) and alcohol use disorder (RECLAIM), and one in alcohol-associated liver disease (RESTORE) is under way. No phase 3 trial in obesity is registered.

Pemvidutide is on no FDA compounding list: it was not among the 12 peptides FDA removed from Category 2 in April 2026, and FDA’s 503A categories list, updated May 14, 2026, does not name it (FDA 503A categories list, April 22 and May 14, 2026).

Pemvidutide is not commercially available. No document read for this page shows it supplied outside Altimmune’s trials.

Pemvidutide is not named on the WADA Prohibited List, but it is prohibited at all times under S0, non-approved substances, because no government has approved it for human therapeutic use (WADA Prohibited List 2026).

Cost & Access

The only access in the documents read for this page is enrollment in Altimmune’s trials, listed on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Status as of October 2026. Trial availability and eligibility vary. Kalios does not sell compounds.

References

  1. Altimmune Inc. Pemvidutide (ALT-801) — Corporate Pipeline and Clinical Development Program Disclosures. 2023–2025. (Phase 2 MOMENTUM and IMPACT trial sponsor disclosures.)
  2. ClinicalTrials.gov. A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Pemvidutide (ALT-801) in Adults Who Are Overweight or Obese (MOMENTUM). NCT05295875.
  3. ClinicalTrials.gov. A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Pemvidutide (ALT-801) in Subjects With Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (IMPACT). NCT05989711.
  4. Ambery P, Parker VE, Stumvoll M, Posch MG, Heise T, Plum-Moerschel L, Tsai LF, Robertson D, Jain M, Petrone M, Rondinone C, Hirshberg B, Jermutus L. MEDI0382, a GLP-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist, in obese or overweight patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomised, controlled, double-blind, ascending dose and phase 2a study. Lancet. 2018;391(10140):2607-2618. PMID: 29945727. (Foundational GLP-1/GCGR dual agonist class pharmacology — cotadutide / MEDI0382.)
  5. Nahra R, Wang T, Gadde KM, Oscarsson J, Stumvoll M, Jermutus L, Hirshberg B, Ambery P. Effects of Cotadutide on Metabolic and Hepatic Parameters in Adults With Overweight or Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: A 54-Week Randomized Phase 2b Study. Diabetes Care. 2021;44(6):1433-1442. PMID: 34016612. (Erratum: Diabetes Care. 2022;45(12):3112.) (Cotadutide hepatic effects — foundational data for pemvidutide's MASH rationale.)
  6. le Roux CW, Steen O, Lucas KJ, Startseva E, Unseld A, Hennige AM. Glucagon and GLP-1 receptor dual agonist survodutide for obesity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding phase 2 trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2024;12(3):162-173. PMID: 38330987. (Survodutide competitor Phase 2.)
  7. Jastreboff AM, Kaplan LM, Frías JP, Wu Q, Du Y, Gurbuz S, Coskun T, Haupt A, Milicevic Z, Hartman ML. Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity — A Phase 2 Trial. N Engl J Med. 2023;389(6):514-526. PMID: 37366315. (Retatrutide competitor — triple agonist.)
  8. Jastreboff AM, Aronne LJ, Ahmad NN, Wharton S, Connery L, Alves B, Kiyosue A, Zhang S, Liu B, Bunck MC, Stefanski A. Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity. N Engl J Med. 2022;387(3):205-216. PMID: 35658024. (Tirzepatide SURMOUNT-1 foundational obesity trial for class context.)
  9. Wilding JPH, Batterham RL, Calanna S, Davies M, Van Gaal LF, Lingvay I, McGowan BM, Rosenstock J, Tran MTD, Wadden TA, Wharton S, Yokote K, Zeuthen N, Kushner RF; STEP 1 Study Group. Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(11):989-1002. PMID: 33567185. (Semaglutide STEP 1 foundational obesity trial for class context.)
  10. Harrison SA, Bedossa P, Guy CD, Schattenberg JM, Loomba R, Taub R, Labriola D, Moussa SE, Neff GW, Rinella ME, et al. A Phase 3, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Resmetirom in NASH with Liver Fibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2024;390(6):497-509. PMID: 38324483. (First FDA-approved MASH drug — context for pemvidutide's MASH competitive landscape.)
  11. Rinella ME, Noureddin M. STEPping Forward in the MASH Therapeutic Landscape. N Engl J Med. 2023. (MASH therapeutic landscape review.)
  12. Friedrichsen M, Breitschaft A, Tadayon S, Wizert A, Skovgaard D. The effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg once weekly on energy intake, appetite, control of eating, and gastric emptying in adults with obesity. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2021;23(3):754-762. PMID: 33269530. (GLP-1 class appetite/gastric emptying mechanism context.)
  13. Altimmune Inc. Q1–Q4 2024 and Q1 2025 earnings calls and investor presentations. Altimmune.com / SEC filings. (Phase 2 MOMENTUM and IMPACT interim and topline disclosures.)
  14. Day JW, Ottaway N, Patterson JT, Gelfanov V, Smiley D, Gidda J, Findeisen H, Bruemmer D, Drucker DJ, Chaudhary N, Holland J, Hembree J, Abplanalp W, Grant E, Ruehl J, Wilson H, Kirchner H, Lockie SH, Hofmann S, Woods SC, Nogueiras R, Pfluger PT, Perez-Tilve D, DiMarchi R, Tschöp MH. A new glucagon and GLP-1 co-agonist eliminates obesity in rodents. Nat Chem Biol. 2009;5(10):749-757. PMID: 19597507. (Foundational preclinical paper establishing GLP-1/glucagon dual agonism concept.)
  15. FDA. Bulk Drug Substances Nominated for Use in Compounding Under Section 503A of the FD&C Act (503A categories list), versions updated April 15, April 22 and May 14, 2026. fda.gov/media/94155/download. Read October 3, 2026. (Notice that 12 peptides would leave Category 2 because their nominations were withdrawn; their removal; GHK-Cu, except injectable, back in Category 1.)
  16. Altimmune Inc. Altimmune Announces Positive Topline Results from MOMENTUM 48-Week Phase 2 Obesity Trial of Pemvidutide. Press release, November 30, 2023 (Form 8-K, Exhibit 99.1, sec.gov). Read October 4, 2026.
  17. Harrison SA, Browne SK, Suschak JJ, Tomah S, Gutierrez JA, Yang J, et al. Effect of pemvidutide, a GLP-1/glucagon dual receptor agonist, on MASLD: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Hepatol. 2025;82(1):7-17. PMID: 39002641. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.07.006.
  18. Browne SK, Suschak JJ, Tomah S, Gutierrez JA, Yang J, Georges B, et al. Safety and efficacy of 24 weeks of pemvidutide in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A randomized, controlled clinical trial. JHEP Rep. 2025;7(11):101483. PMID: 41113119. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2025.101483.
  19. Noureddin M, Harrison SA, Loomba R, Alkhouri N, Chalasani N, Sheikh MY, et al. Safety and efficacy of weekly pemvidutide versus placebo for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (IMPACT): 24-week results from a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 2b study. Lancet. 2025;406(10520):2644-2655. PMID: 41237796. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)02114-2.
  20. Nestor JJ, Parkes D, Feigh M, Suschak JJ, Harris MS. Effects of ALT-801, a GLP-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist, in a translational mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):6666. PMID: 35461369. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10577-2.
  21. Drucker DJ. Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Application of Glucagon-like Peptide-1. Cell Metab. 2018;27(4):740-756. PMID: 29617641.
  22. Altimmune Inc. Altimmune Announces Positive Topline Results from RECLAIM Phase 2 Trial of Pemvidutide in Alcohol Use Disorder. Press release, July 28, 2026 (Form 8-K, Exhibit 99.1, sec.gov). Read October 4, 2026.
  23. Novo Nordisk. Wegovy (semaglutide) injection and tablets, prescribing information. DailyMed set ID ee06186f-2aa3-4990-a760-757579d8f77b (version 19, revised June 2026). dailymed.nlm.nih.gov. Read October 4, 2026.
  24. ClinicalTrials.gov (API v2). Records read October 4, 2026: NCT05295875 (MOMENTUM), NCT05989711 (IMPACT), NCT07795164 (PERFORMA), NCT06987513 (RECLAIM), NCT07009860 (RESTORE), NCT04561245, NCT05006885, NCT05292911, NCT05134662, NCT04972396.
  25. World Anti-Doping Agency. Prohibited List 2026 (in effect January 1, 2026). S0, Non-approved substances. wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/2025-09/2026list_en_final_clean_september_2025.pdf. Read October 3, 2026.

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Checked 11 Oct 2026