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MOTS-c with N-Acetyl-Epithalon

Mechanism-tag overlap and published literature for MOTS-c and N-Acetyl-Epithalon, pulled verbatim from each Kalios compound profile. Kalios is a literature reference, not a recommendation.

Mechanism overlap

Mechanism tags are verbatim labels on each compound's profile. Generic tags ("peptide", "small-molecule", "research-chemical") are excluded from this overlap view. Tags are descriptive — not an inference about combined effect.

MOTS-C N-ACETYL-EPITHALON 1 UNIQUE TAGS 1 UNIQUE TAGS 0 SHARED
MOTS-c unique mitochondrial-derived-exercise-mimetic
Shared none
N-Acetyl-Epithalon unique modified-pineal-bioregulator-tetrapeptide

Co-administration notes from the literature

Verbatim summary text pulled from each compound's profile data. Researchers studying MOTS-c and N-Acetyl-Epithalon have published these mechanism-level observations. Not a co-administration recommendation.

Evidence level: mechanistic only

Mitochondrial-derived peptide with metabolic and longevity signaling. Common pairing in longevity stacks where N-Acetyl-Epithalon addresses the nuclear / telomere axis and MOTS-c addresses the mitochondrial axis. No published interaction data; mechanism-distinct.

Quick facts

MOTS-c

RouteSubQ / IP / IM
Half-life~2 hr plasma; hours-days tissue
FDA statusNot approved
WADANot listed
Full MOTS-c profile →

N-Acetyl-Epithalon

RouteSubcutaneous (intranasal reported)
Half-lifeHours (vs minutes for parent Epithalon)
FDA statusNot approved — research only
WADANot specifically named (caution advised)
Full N-Acetyl-Epithalon profile →

Literature table

Classified references from each compound profile. Click a column header to sort. Click a PMID to open PubMed. Findings are quoted verbatim from each profile's literature_summary; nothing here is added or interpreted.

Year Compound Source Finding
2022MOTS-cRamanjaneya M, Jerobin J, Bettahi I, et al. MOTS-c, the Most Recent Mitochondrial Derived Peptide in Human Aging and Age-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(19):11991. PMID: 36233287. PMID 36233287human study
2022MOTS-cYin X, Jing Y, Chen Q, et al. The intraocular expression of MOTS-c in patients with age-related cataracts: Correlation between MOTS-c and lens mitochondrial DNA levels. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2022;50(5):498-506.human study
2018MOTS-cKim KH, Son JM, Benayoun BA, Lee C. The Mitochondrial-Encoded Peptide MOTS-c Translocates to the Nucleus to Regulate Nuclear Gene Expression in Response to Metabolic Stress. Cell Metab. 2018;28(3):516-524.e7. PMID: 29983246. PMID 29983246mechanism / discovery
2023MOTS-cKong BS, Lee C, Cho YM. Mitochondrial-encoded peptide MOTS-c, diabetes, and aging-related diseases. Diabetes Metab J. 2023;47(3):315-327. PMID: 36672073. PMID 36672073research article
2021MOTS-cReynolds JC, Lai RW, Woodhead JST, Joly JH, Mitchell CJ, Cameron-Smith D, Lu R, Cohen P, Graham NA, Benayoun BA, Merry TL, Lee C. MOTS-c is an exercise-induced mitochondrial-encoded regulator of age-dependent physical decline and muscle homeostasis. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):470. P… PMID 33473109research article
2018MOTS-cMendelsohn AR, Larrick JW. Mitochondrial-Derived Peptides Exacerbate Senescence. Rejuvenation Res. 2018;21(4):369-373. PMID: 30037300. PMID 30037300research article
2015MOTS-cLee C, Zeng J, Drew BG, Sallam T, Martin-Montalvo A, Wan J, Kim SJ, Mehta H, Hevener AL, de Cabo R, Cohen P. The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance. Cell Metab. 2015;21(3):443-454. PMID: 25738459. DOI: 1… PMID 25738459research article
2013MOTS-cLee C, Yen K, Cohen P. Humanin: a harbinger of mitochondrial-derived peptides? Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2013;24(5):222-228. PMID: 23402768. PMID 23402768research article
2020N-Acetyl-EpithalonKhavinson V, Linkova N, Dyatlova A, Kuznik B, Umnov R. Peptides: Prospects for Use in the Treatment of COVID-19. Molecules. 2020;25(19):4389. (Khavinson-group review of short peptide bioregulator applications including AEDG / Epitalon mechanistic discussion.)human study
2011N-Acetyl-EpithalonKorkushko OV, Khavinson VK, Shatilo VB, Antonyk-Sheglova IA. Peptide geroprotector from the pituitary gland inhibits rapid aging of elderly people: results of 15-year follow-up. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2011;151(3):366-369. (Long-term follow-up extension of the Korkushko/Khavinson eld…human study
2003N-Acetyl-EpithalonKhavinson VK, Morozov VG. Peptides of pineal gland and thymus prolong human life. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2003;24(3-4):233-240. PMID: 14523363. (Khavinson-group review of the 266-subject elderly cohort treated with Thymalin and Epithalamin over 6–8 years; reported mortality reduc… PMID 14523363human study
2007N-Acetyl-EpithalonKozina LS, Arutjunyan AV, Khavinson VK. Antioxidant properties of geroprotective peptides of the pineal gland. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2007;44 Suppl 1:213-216. PMID: 17317455. (Pineal peptide preparations including Epitalon possess antioxidant properties exceeding melatonin's in… PMID 17317455preclinical, in vivo
2003N-Acetyl-EpithalonAnisimov VN, Khavinson VK, Popovich IG, Zabezhinski MA, Alimova IN, Rosenfeld SV, Zavarzina NY, Semenchenko AV, Yashin AI. Effect of Epitalon on biomarkers of aging, life span and spontaneous tumor incidence in female Swiss-derived SHR mice. Biogerontology. 2003;4(4):193-202. (1…preclinical, in vivo
2002N-Acetyl-EpithalonAnisimov VN, Khavinson VK, Provinciali M, Alimova IN, Baturin DA, Popovich IG, Zabezhinski MA, Imyanitov EN, Mancini R, Franceschi C. Inhibitory effect of the peptide epitalon on the development of spontaneous mammary tumors in HER-2/neu transgenic mice. Int J Cancer. 2002;101(1… PMID 12209581preclinical, in vivo
2002N-Acetyl-EpithalonAnisimov SV, Bokeler KR, Khavinson VK, Anisimov VN. Studies of the effects of Vilon and Epitalon on gene expression in mouse heart using DNA microarray technology. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2002;133(3):293-299. (DNA microarray analysis of AEDG peptide effects on mouse cardiac gene expr…preclinical, in vivo
2001N-Acetyl-EpithalonAnisimov VN, Khavinson VK, Mikhalski AI, Yashin AI. Effect of synthetic dipeptide Vilon (Lys-Glu) on gene expression in mice. Mech Ageing Dev. 2001;122(13):1297-1304. (Sister Khavinson short-peptide dipeptide; gene-expression effects in mice — supports the transcription-modulati…preclinical, in vivo
2011N-Acetyl-EpithalonFedoreyeva LI, Kireev II, Khavinson VK, Vanyushin BF. Penetration of short fluorescence-labeled peptides into the nucleus in HeLa cells and in vitro specific interaction of the peptides with deoxyribooligonucleotides and DNA. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2011;76(11):1210-1219. PMID: 221… PMID 22117545preclinical, in vitro
2004N-Acetyl-EpithalonKhavinson VK, Bondarev IE, Butyugov AA, Smirnova TD. Peptide promotes overcoming of the division limit in human somatic cell. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2004;137(5):503-506. (Parent Epithalon extension of fibroblast replicative capacity beyond the Hayflick limit.)preclinical, in vitro
2003N-Acetyl-EpithalonKhavinson VK, Bondarev IE, Butyugov AA. Epithalon peptide induces telomerase activity and telomere elongation in human somatic cells. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2003;135(6):590-592. PMID: 12937682. (The seminal in-vitro telomerase induction finding for parent Epithalon — fetal fibroblas… PMID 12937682preclinical, in vitro
2025N-Acetyl-EpithalonAraj S, et al. Epitalon increases telomere length in human cell lines through telomerase upregulation or ALT activity. (2025). Independent replication of the core telomere-lengthening claim in modern human cell lines, with the mechanistic nuance that ALT pathway activation is ob…mechanism / discovery

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Frequently asked

Have MOTS-c and N-Acetyl-Epithalon been studied together?

Researchers have published mechanistic-level co-administration discussion of MOTS-c and N-Acetyl-Epithalon. No human co-administration trials are catalogued in the Kalios profiles. The pair page lists each compound's classified literature; full citations sit on each individual profile.

What mechanisms do MOTS-c and N-Acetyl-Epithalon share?

MOTS-c and N-Acetyl-Epithalon do not share a specific mechanism tag on their Kalios profiles. They appear on the same pair page because at least one profile lists the other in its co-administration data.

What is the FDA status of MOTS-c and N-Acetyl-Epithalon?

MOTS-c: Not approved. N-Acetyl-Epithalon: Not approved — research only. FDA-status text is pulled verbatim from each compound profile. See /fda-pcac-2026.html for the broader FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee context.

Where can I find the full research on MOTS-c and N-Acetyl-Epithalon?

Full citation lists, dosing tables from the literature, reconstitution data, and the FDA / WADA status are on the individual compound profiles: the MOTS-c profile and the N-Acetyl-Epithalon profile. The Kalios Stack Research Tool hub lists every compound covered.

Last updated: April 2026