Pair page
Epithalon with NAD+
Mechanism-tag overlap and published literature for Epithalon and NAD+, pulled verbatim from each Kalios compound profile. Kalios is a literature reference, not a recommendation.
Mechanism overlap
Mechanism tags are verbatim labels on each compound's profile. Generic tags ("peptide", "small-molecule", "research-chemical") are excluded from this overlap view. Tags are descriptive — not an inference about combined effect.
pineal-tetrapeptide-khavinson-bioregulator
coenzymemitochondrial-longevity
Co-administration notes from the literature
Verbatim summary text pulled from each compound's profile data. Researchers studying Epithalon and NAD+ have published these mechanism-level observations. Not a co-administration recommendation.
Different mechanism (mitochondrial substrate vs telomere/transcriptional). Complementary longevity stacking; no known antagonistic interactions.
Telomerase-modulating peptide (Khavinson). Common longevity-stack companion to NAD+. Evidence for combined benefit is practitioner-level.
Quick facts
Epithalon
NAD+
Literature table
Classified references from each compound profile. Click a column header to sort. Click a PMID to open PubMed. Findings are quoted verbatim from each profile's literature_summary; nothing here is added or interpreted.
| Year | Compound | Source | Finding |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | Epithalon | Korkushko OV, Khavinson VKh, Shatilo VB, Antonyk-Sheglova IA. Peptide geroprotector Epitalamin: effects on vascular endothelial function in elderly patients. Adv Gerontol. 2010;23(3):440-446. | human study |
| 2004 | Epithalon | Khavinson VKh, Bondarev IE, Butyugov AA, Smirnova TD. Peptide promotes overcoming of the division limit in human somatic cell. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2004;137(5):503-506. | human study |
| 2003 | Epithalon | Khavinson VKh, Morozov VG. Peptides of pineal gland and thymus prolong human life. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2003;24(3-4):233-240. PMID: 14523363. (266-patient elderly mortality cohort.) PMID 14523363 | human study |
| 2021 | Epithalon | Khavinson V, Ilina A, Kraskovskaya N, Linkova N, Kolchina N, Mikhailova N, Petukhov M. Neuroprotective Effects of Tripeptides-Epigenetic Regulators in Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2021;14(6):515. | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2004 | Epithalon | Labunets IF, Butenko GM, Dragunova VA, Magdich LV, Khavinson VKh. Effect of epithalamin, thymalin, and tocopherol on age-associated involution of the pineal gland in rats. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2004;137(5):510-512. | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2003 | Epithalon | Anisimov VN, Khavinson VKh, Provinciali M, Alimova IN, Baturin DA, Popovich IG, Zabezhinski MA, Imyanitov EN, Mancini R, Franceschi C. Effect of Epitalon on biomarkers of aging, life span and spontaneous tumor incidence in female Swiss-derived SHR mice. Biogerontology. 2003;4(4)… PMID 14501183 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2003 | Epithalon | Kossoy G, Zandbank J, Tendler E, Anisimov V, Khavinson V, Popovich I, Zabezhinski M, Zusman I, Ben-Hur H. Epitalon and colon carcinogenesis in rats: proliferative activity and apoptosis in colon tumors and mucosa. Int J Mol Med. 2003;12(4):473-477. PMID: 12964019. PMID 12964019 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2025 | Epithalon | Al-Dulaimi MS, et al. Epitalon increases telomere length in human cell lines through telomerase upregulation or ALT activity. 2025. PMID: 40908429. PMC12411320. (Modern Western-lab replication of the central telomerase-activation claim.) PMID 40908429 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2017 | Epithalon | Khavinson V, Popovich I. Short peptides regulate gene expression, protein synthesis and enhance life span. In: Understanding the Aging Process and Age-Related Diseases. Academic Press; 2017. | mechanism / discovery |
| 2016 | Epithalon | Khavinson VKh, Linkova NS, Tarnovskaia SI. Short peptides regulate gene expression. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2016;162(2):288-292. | mechanism / discovery |
| 2003 | Epithalon | Khavinson VKh, Bondarev IE, Butyugov AA. Epithalon Peptide Induces Telomerase Activity and Telomere Elongation in Human Somatic Cells. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2003;135(6):590-592. PMID: 12937682. PMID 12937682 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2017 | Epithalon | Khavinson VKh, Kopylov AT, Vaskovsky BV, Ryzhak GA, Lin'kova NS. Identification of peptide AEDG in the polypeptide complex of the pineal gland. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2017;164(1):41-43. | bioregulator literature |
| 2015 | NAD+ | Chen AC, Martin AJ, Choy B, Fernández-Peñas P, Dalziell RA, McKenzie CA, Scolyer RA, Dhillon HM, Vardy JL, Kricker A, St George G, Chinniah N, Halliday GM, Damian DL. A Phase 3 Randomized Trial of Nicotinamide for Skin-Cancer Chemoprevention. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(17):1618-1626… PMID 26488693 | human trial, Phase 3 |
| 2023 | NAD+ | Katayoshi T, Uehata S, Nakashima N, Nakajo T, Kitajima N, Kageyama M, Tsuji-Naito K. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolism and arterial stiffness after long-term nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Sci Rep. 20… PMID 36797283 | human trial |
| 2018 | NAD+ | Dollerup OL, Christensen B, Svart M, Schmidt MS, Sulek K, Ringgaard S, Stødkilde-Jørgensen H, Møller N, Brenner C, Treebak JT, Jessen N. A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of nicotinamide riboside in obese men: safety, insulin-sensitivity, and lipid-mobilizing effect… PMID 30084900 | human trial |
| 2017 | NAD+ | Airhart SE, Shireman LM, Risler LJ, Anderson GD, Nagana Gowda GA, Raftery D, Tian R, Shen DD, O'Brien KD. An open-label, non-randomized study of the pharmacokinetics of the nutritional supplement nicotinamide riboside (NR) and its effects on blood NAD+ levels in healthy voluntee… PMID 29211728 | human trial |
| 2022 | NAD+ | Brakedal B, Dölle C, Riemer F, Ma Y, Nido GS, Skeie GO, Craven AR, Schwarzlmüller T, Brekke N, Diab J, Sverkeli L, Skjeie V, Varhaug K, Tysnes OB, Peng S, Haugarvoll K, Ziegler M, Grüner R, Eidelberg D, Tzoulis C. The NADPARK study: A randomized phase I trial of nicotinamide rib… PMID 35537443 | human trial, Phase 1 |
| 2019 | NAD+ | Grant R, Berg J, Mestayer R, Braidy N, Bennett J, Broom S, Watson J. A Pilot Study Investigating Changes in the Human Plasma and Urine NAD+ Metabolome During a 6 Hour Intravenous Infusion of NAD+. Front Aging Neurosci. 2019;11:257. PMID: 31572171. PMID 31572171 | human pilot |
| 2018 | NAD+ | Martens CR, Denman BA, Mazzo MR, Armstrong ML, Reisdorph N, McQueen MB, Chonchol M, Seals DR. Chronic nicotinamide riboside supplementation is well-tolerated and elevates NAD+ in healthy middle-aged and older adults. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):1286. PMID: 29599478. PMID 29599478 | human study |
| 2023 | NAD+ | Vreones M, Mustapic M, Moaddel R, Pucha KA, Lovett J, Seals DR, Kapogiannis D, Martens CR. Oral nicotinamide riboside raises NAD+ and lowers biomarkers of neurodegenerative pathology in plasma extracellular vesicles enriched for neuronal origin. Aging Cell. 2023;22(1):e13754. PM… PMID 36448627 | research article |
| 2022 | NAD+ | Freeberg KA, Craighead DH, Martens CR, You Z, Chonchol M, Seals DR. Nicotinamide Riboside Supplementation for Treating Elevated Systolic Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness in Midlife and Older Adults. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022;9:881703. PMID: 35757350. PMID 35757350 | research article |
| 2021 | NAD+ | Yoshino M, Yoshino J, Kayser BD, Patti GJ, Franczyk MP, Mills KF, Sindelar M, Pietka T, Patterson BW, Imai SI, Klein S. Nicotinamide mononucleotide increases muscle insulin sensitivity in prediabetic women. Science. 2021;372(6547):1224-1229. PMID: 33888596. PMID 33888596 | research article |
| 2019 | NAD+ | Elhassan YS, Kluckova K, Fletcher RS, Schmidt MS, Garten A, Doig CL, Cartwright DM, Oakey L, Burley CV, Jenkinson N, Wilson M, Lucas SJE, Akerman I, Seabright A, Lai YC, Tennant DA, Nightingale P, Wallis GA, Manolopoulos KN, Brenner C, Philp A, Lavery GG. Nicotinamide Riboside A… PMID 31390667 | research article |
| 2018 | NAD+ | Yoshino J, Baur JA, Imai SI. NAD+ Intermediates: The Biology and Therapeutic Potential of NMN and NR. Cell Metab. 2018;27(3):513-528. PMID: 29249689. PMID 29249689 | research article |
Related pair pages
More research context
Frequently asked
Have Epithalon and NAD+ been studied together?
Researchers have published mechanistic-level co-administration discussion of Epithalon and NAD+. No human co-administration trials are catalogued in the Kalios profiles. The pair page lists each compound's classified literature; full citations sit on each individual profile.
What mechanisms do Epithalon and NAD+ share?
Epithalon and NAD+ do not share a specific mechanism tag on their Kalios profiles. They appear on the same pair page because at least one profile lists the other in its co-administration data.
What is the FDA status of Epithalon and NAD+?
Epithalon: Not approved. NAD+: Not approved (IV off-label). FDA-status text is pulled verbatim from each compound profile. See /fda-pcac-2026.html for the broader FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee context.
Where can I find the full research on Epithalon and NAD+?
Full citation lists, dosing tables from the literature, reconstitution data, and the FDA / WADA status are on the individual compound profiles: the Epithalon profile and the NAD+ profile. The Kalios Stack Research Tool hub lists every compound covered.
Last updated: April 2026