Pair page
Epithalon with Humanin
Mechanism-tag overlap and published literature for Epithalon and Humanin, pulled verbatim from each Kalios compound profile. Kalios is a literature reference, not a recommendation.
Mechanism overlap
Mechanism tags are verbatim labels on each compound's profile. Generic tags ("peptide", "small-molecule", "research-chemical") are excluded from this overlap view. Tags are descriptive — not an inference about combined effect.
pineal-tetrapeptide-khavinson-bioregulator
mdpmitochondrial-derived-peptide
Co-administration notes from the literature
Verbatim summary text pulled from each compound's profile data. Researchers studying Epithalon and Humanin have published these mechanism-level observations. Not a co-administration recommendation.
Epitalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide with telomerase-activating and pineal-axis effects studied in Russian geriatric trials. Combined with humanin's mitochondrial signaling, the pairing targets two distinct hallmark-of-aging mechanisms (telomere maintenance and mitochondrial dysfunction). Mechanistically independent; speculative rather than clinically validated.
Quick facts
Epithalon
Humanin
Literature table
Classified references from each compound profile. Click a column header to sort. Click a PMID to open PubMed. Findings are quoted verbatim from each profile's literature_summary; nothing here is added or interpreted.
| Year | Compound | Source | Finding |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | Epithalon | Korkushko OV, Khavinson VKh, Shatilo VB, Antonyk-Sheglova IA. Peptide geroprotector Epitalamin: effects on vascular endothelial function in elderly patients. Adv Gerontol. 2010;23(3):440-446. | human study |
| 2004 | Epithalon | Khavinson VKh, Bondarev IE, Butyugov AA, Smirnova TD. Peptide promotes overcoming of the division limit in human somatic cell. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2004;137(5):503-506. | human study |
| 2003 | Epithalon | Khavinson VKh, Morozov VG. Peptides of pineal gland and thymus prolong human life. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2003;24(3-4):233-240. PMID: 14523363. (266-patient elderly mortality cohort.) PMID 14523363 | human study |
| 2021 | Epithalon | Khavinson V, Ilina A, Kraskovskaya N, Linkova N, Kolchina N, Mikhailova N, Petukhov M. Neuroprotective Effects of Tripeptides-Epigenetic Regulators in Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2021;14(6):515. | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2004 | Epithalon | Labunets IF, Butenko GM, Dragunova VA, Magdich LV, Khavinson VKh. Effect of epithalamin, thymalin, and tocopherol on age-associated involution of the pineal gland in rats. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2004;137(5):510-512. | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2003 | Epithalon | Anisimov VN, Khavinson VKh, Provinciali M, Alimova IN, Baturin DA, Popovich IG, Zabezhinski MA, Imyanitov EN, Mancini R, Franceschi C. Effect of Epitalon on biomarkers of aging, life span and spontaneous tumor incidence in female Swiss-derived SHR mice. Biogerontology. 2003;4(4)… PMID 14501183 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2003 | Epithalon | Kossoy G, Zandbank J, Tendler E, Anisimov V, Khavinson V, Popovich I, Zabezhinski M, Zusman I, Ben-Hur H. Epitalon and colon carcinogenesis in rats: proliferative activity and apoptosis in colon tumors and mucosa. Int J Mol Med. 2003;12(4):473-477. PMID: 12964019. PMID 12964019 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2025 | Epithalon | Al-Dulaimi MS, et al. Epitalon increases telomere length in human cell lines through telomerase upregulation or ALT activity. 2025. PMID: 40908429. PMC12411320. (Modern Western-lab replication of the central telomerase-activation claim.) PMID 40908429 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2017 | Epithalon | Khavinson V, Popovich I. Short peptides regulate gene expression, protein synthesis and enhance life span. In: Understanding the Aging Process and Age-Related Diseases. Academic Press; 2017. | mechanism / discovery |
| 2016 | Epithalon | Khavinson VKh, Linkova NS, Tarnovskaia SI. Short peptides regulate gene expression. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2016;162(2):288-292. | mechanism / discovery |
| 2003 | Epithalon | Khavinson VKh, Bondarev IE, Butyugov AA. Epithalon Peptide Induces Telomerase Activity and Telomere Elongation in Human Somatic Cells. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2003;135(6):590-592. PMID: 12937682. PMID 12937682 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2017 | Epithalon | Khavinson VKh, Kopylov AT, Vaskovsky BV, Ryzhak GA, Lin'kova NS. Identification of peptide AEDG in the polypeptide complex of the pineal gland. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2017;164(1):41-43. | bioregulator literature |
| 2011 | Humanin | Oh YK, Bachar AR, Zacharias DG, Kim SG, Wan J, Cobb LJ, Lerman LO, Cohen P, Lerman A. Humanin preserves endothelial function and prevents atherosclerotic plaque progression in hypercholesterolemic ApoE deficient mice. Atherosclerosis. 2011;219(1):65-73. PMID: 21641599. PMID 21641599 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2010 | Humanin | Muzumdar RH, Huffman DM, Calvert JW, Jha S, Weinberg Y, Cui L, Nemkal A, Atzmon G, Klein L, Gundewar S, Ji SY, Lavu M, Predmore BL, Lefer DJ. Acute humanin therapy attenuates myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2010;30(10):1940-1948… PMID 20689081 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2002 | Humanin | Tajima H, Niikura T, Hashimoto Y, Ito Y, Kita Y, Terashita K, Yamazaki K, Koto A, Aiso S, Nishimoto I. Evidence for in vivo production of humanin peptide, a neuroprotective factor against Alzheimer's disease-related insults. Neurosci Lett. 2002;324(3):227-231. PMID: 12021353. (I… PMID 12021353 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2009 | Humanin | Hashimoto Y, Kurita M, Aiso S, Nishimoto I, Matsuoka M. Humanin inhibits neuronal cell death by interacting with a cytokine receptor complex or complexes involving CNTF receptor alpha/WSX-1/gp130. Mol Biol Cell. 2009;20(12):2864-2873. PMID: 19509334. (Trimeric receptor complex c… PMID 19509334 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2001 | Humanin | Hashimoto Y, Niikura T, Tajima H, Yasukawa T, Sudo H, Ito Y, Kita Y, Kawasumi M, Kouyama K, Doyu M, Sobue G, Koide T, Tsuji S, Lang J, Kurokawa K, Nishimoto I. A rescue factor abolishing neuronal cell death by a wide spectrum of familial Alzheimer's disease genes and Abeta. Proc… PMID 11371643 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2001 | Humanin | Hashimoto Y, Ito Y, Niikura T, Shao Z, Hata M, Oyama F, Nishimoto I. Mechanisms of neuroprotection by a novel rescue factor humanin from Swedish mutant amyloid precursor protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001;283(2):460-468. PMID: 11327724. (Early mechanism paper, HNG potency… PMID 11327724 | mechanism / discovery |
| 2019 | Humanin | Conte M, Ostan R, Fabbri C, Santoro A, Guidarelli G, Vitale G, Mari D, Sevini F, Capri M, Sandri M, Monti D, Franceschi C, Salvioli S. Human aging and longevity are characterized by high levels of mitokines. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2019;74(5):600-607. PMID: 29420698. (Hum… PMID 29420698 | research article |
| 2018 | Humanin | Gong Z, Tas E, Muzumdar R. Humanin and age-related diseases: a new therapeutic target? World J Diabetes. 2018;9(8):141-146. PMID: 30159123. PMID 30159123 | research article |
| 2017 | Humanin | Kim SJ, Xiao J, Wan J, Cohen P, Yen K. Mitochondrially derived peptides as novel regulators of metabolism. J Physiol. 2017;595(21):6613-6621. PMID: 28574175. PMID 28574175 | research article |
| 2017 | Humanin | Nashine S, Cohen P, Chwa M, Lu S, Nesburn AB, Kuppermann BD, Kenney MC. Humanin G (HNG) protects age-related macular degeneration (AMD) transmitochondrial ARPE-19 cybrids from mitochondrial and cellular damage. Cell Death Dis. 2017;8(7):e2951. PMID: 28726778. PMID 28726778 | research article |
| 2015 | Humanin | Lee C, Zeng J, Drew BG, Sallam T, Martin-Montalvo A, Wan J, Kim SJ, Mehta H, Hevener AL, de Cabo R, Cohen P. The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance. Cell Metab. 2015;21(3):443-454. PMID: 25738459. (MOTS-… PMID 25738459 | research article |
| 2013 | Humanin | Lee C, Yen K, Cohen P. Humanin: a harbinger of mitochondrial-derived peptides? Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2013;24(5):222-228. PMID: 23402768. (Framing of humanin within MDP class.) PMID 23402768 | research article |
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Frequently asked
Have Epithalon and Humanin been studied together?
Researchers have published mechanistic-level co-administration discussion of Epithalon and Humanin. No human co-administration trials are catalogued in the Kalios profiles. The pair page lists each compound's classified literature; full citations sit on each individual profile.
What mechanisms do Epithalon and Humanin share?
Epithalon and Humanin do not share a specific mechanism tag on their Kalios profiles. They appear on the same pair page because at least one profile lists the other in its co-administration data.
What is the FDA status of Epithalon and Humanin?
Epithalon: Not approved. Humanin: Not approved; research only. FDA-status text is pulled verbatim from each compound profile. See /fda-pcac-2026.html for the broader FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee context.
Where can I find the full research on Epithalon and Humanin?
Full citation lists, dosing tables from the literature, reconstitution data, and the FDA / WADA status are on the individual compound profiles: the Epithalon profile and the Humanin profile. The Kalios Stack Research Tool hub lists every compound covered.
Last updated: April 2026