Pair page
Cerebrolysin with P21
Mechanism-tag overlap and published literature for Cerebrolysin and P21, pulled verbatim from each Kalios compound profile. Kalios is a literature reference, not a recommendation.
Mechanism overlap
Mechanism tags are verbatim labels on each compound's profile. Generic tags ("peptide", "small-molecule", "research-chemical") are excluded from this overlap view. Tags are descriptive — not an inference about combined effect.
neurotrophic-brain-bioregulator
cntf-derived-neurotrophic-mimetic
Co-administration notes from the literature
Verbatim summary text pulled from each compound's profile data. Researchers studying Cerebrolysin and P21 have published these mechanism-level observations. Not a co-administration recommendation.
Cerebrolysin delivers a mixed brain-peptide hydrolysate with broad neurotrophic mimicry (NGF, BDNF, GDNF, CNTF-overlapping). Layering P21 with Cerebrolysin courses is used in aggressive neurorehabilitation and cognitive-recovery contexts. No controlled data for the combination.
Quick facts
Cerebrolysin
P21
Literature table
Classified references from each compound profile. Click a column header to sort. Click a PMID to open PubMed. Findings are quoted verbatim from each profile's literature_summary; nothing here is added or interpreted.
| Year | Compound | Source | Finding |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Cerebrolysin | Vester JC, Buzoianu AD, Florian SI, Hömberg V, Kim SH, Lee TMC, Matula C, Poon WS, von Steinbüchel N, Strilciuc S, von Wild K, Muresanu D. Cerebrolysin after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: prospective meta-analysis of the CAPTAIN trial series. Neurol Sci. 2021;42(2):… PMID 33620612 | meta-analysis |
| 2018 | Cerebrolysin | Bornstein NM, Guekht A, Vester J, Heiss WD, Gusev E, Hömberg V, Rahlfs VW, Bajenaru O, Popescu BO, Muresanu D. Safety and efficacy of Cerebrolysin in early post-stroke recovery: a meta-analysis of nine randomized clinical trials. Neurol Sci. 2018;39(4):629-640. PMID: 29248999. PMID 29248999 | meta-analysis |
| 2015 | Cerebrolysin | Gauthier S, Proaño JV, Jia J, Froelich L, Vester JC, Doppler E. Cerebrolysin in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2015;39(5-6):332-347. PMID: 25832905. PMID 25832905 | meta-analysis |
| 2020 | Cerebrolysin | Poon W, Vos P, Muresanu D, Vester J, von Wild K, Hömberg V, et al. Safety and efficacy of Cerebrolysin in acute brain injury and neurorecovery: CAPTAIN I — a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, Asian-Pacific trial. Neurol Sci. 2020;41(2):281-293. PMID: 31494820. PMID 31494820 | human trial |
| 2020 | Cerebrolysin | Woo PYM, Ho JWK, Ko NMW, Li RPT, Jian L, Chu ACH, Kwan MCL, Chan Y, Wong AKS, Wong HT, Chan KY, Kwok JCK. Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, pilot trial to investigate safety and efficacy of Cerebrolysin in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. BMC Neurol.… PMID 33143640 | human trial |
| 2017 | Cerebrolysin | Gharagozli K, Harandi AA, Houshmand S, Akbari N, Muresanu DF, Vester J, Winter S, Moessler H. Efficacy and safety of Cerebrolysin treatment in early recovery after acute ischemic stroke: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, multicenter clinical trial. J Med Life. 20… PMID 29075343 | human trial |
| 2016 | Cerebrolysin | Muresanu DF, Heiss WD, Hoemberg V, Bajenaru O, Popescu CD, Vester JC, Rahlfs VW, Doppler E, Meier D, Moessler H, Guekht A. Cerebrolysin and Recovery After Stroke (CARS): A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Multicenter Trial. Stroke. 2016;47(1):151-159. PMID: 26564102. PMID 26564102 | human trial |
| 2016 | Cerebrolysin | Hassanein SM, Deifalla SM, El-Houssinie M, Mokbel SA. Safety and Efficacy of Cerebrolysin in Infants with Communication Defects due to Severe Perinatal Brain Insult: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Clin Neurol. 2016;12(1):79-84. PMID: 26365023. PMID 26365023 | human trial |
| 2012 | Cerebrolysin | Heiss WD, Brainin M, Bornstein NM, Tuomilehto J, Hong Z; Cerebrolysin Acute Stroke Treatment in Asia (CASTA) Investigators. Cerebrolysin in patients with acute ischemic stroke in Asia: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial. Stroke. 2012;43(3):630-636. PM… PMID 22282884 | human trial |
| 2010 | Cerebrolysin | Heiss WD, Brainin M, Bornstein NM, Tuomilehto J, Hong Z. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Cerebrolysin in patients with acute ischaemic stroke in Asia — CASTA. Int J Stroke. 2010;5(4):310-313. PMID: 19765131. PMID 19765131 | human trial |
| 2005 | Cerebrolysin | Ladurner G, Kalvach P, Moessler H; Cerebrolysin Study Group. Neuroprotective treatment with cerebrolysin in patients with acute stroke: a randomised controlled trial. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2005;112(3):415-428. PMID: 15583955. PMID 15583955 | human trial |
| 2023 | Cerebrolysin | Rejdak K, Sienkiewicz-Jarosz H, Bienkowski P, Alvarez A. Modulation of neurotrophic factors in the treatment of dementia, stroke and TBI: Effects of Cerebrolysin. Med Res Rev. 2023;43(5):1668-1700. PMID: 37052231. PMID 37052231 | human study |
| 2017 | P21 | Kazim SF, Blanchard J, Bianchi R, Iqbal K. Early neurotrophic pharmacotherapy rescues developmental delay and Alzheimer's-like memory deficits in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome. Sci Rep. 2017;7:45561. PMID: 28368026. PMID 28368026 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2017 | P21 | Kazim SF, Iqbal K. Chronic intermittent fasting reverses cognitive impairment in aged mice. Neurobiol Aging. 2017. | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2015 | P21 | Khatoon S, Chalbot S, Bolognin S, Puoliväli J, Iqbal K. Elevated tau level in aged rat cerebrospinal fluid reduced by treatment with a neurotrophic compound. J Alzheimers Dis. 2015;47(3):557-564. PMID: 26401700. PMID 26401700 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2014 | P21 | Kazim SF, Blanchard J, Dai CL, Tung YC, LaFerla FM, Iqbal IG, Iqbal K. Disease modifying effect of chronic oral treatment with a neurotrophic peptidergic compound in a triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis. 2014;71:110-130. PMID: 25046994. PMID 25046994 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2014 | P21 | Blanchard J, Wanka L, Tung YC, Cárdenas-Aguayo Mdel C, LaFerla FM, Iqbal K, Grundke-Iqbal I. Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of P021 in a novel mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2014;8:711-717. PMID: 25028537. PMID 25028537 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2012 | P21 | Bolognin S, Blanchard J, Wang X, Basurto-Islas G, Tung YC, Kohlbrenner E, Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K. An experimental rat model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease and rescue of cognitive impairment with a neurotrophic peptide. Acta Neuropathol. 2012;123(1):133-151. PMID: 22454023. PMID 22454023 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2010 | P21 | Li B, Wanka L, Blanchard J, Liu F, Chohan MO, Iqbal K, Grundke-Iqbal I. Neurotrophic peptides incorporating adamantane improve learning and memory, promote neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in mice. FEBS Lett. 2010;584(15):3359-3365. PMID: 20638986. (Original P21 design and p… PMID 20638986 | preclinical, in vivo |
| 2021 | P21 | Sarkar B, Kumar D, Sasmal D, Mukhopadhyay K. CNTF-pathway–mimetic small molecules: mechanistic overview. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2021. (Independent review of CNTF-mimetic programs.) | mechanism / discovery |
| 2018 | P21 | Baazaoui N, Iqbal K. A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Treat Alzheimer's Disease by Neurotrophic Support During the Period of Synaptic Compensation. J Alzheimers Dis. 2018;62(3):1211-1218. PMID: 29526843. PMID 29526843 | research article |
| 2017 | P21 | Baazaoui N, Iqbal K. Prevention of amyloid-β and tau pathologies, associated neurodegeneration, and cognitive deficit by early treatment with a neurotrophic compound. J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;58(1):215-230. PMID: 28527206. PMID 28527206 | research article |
| 2016 | P21 | Kazim SF, Iqbal K. Neurotrophic factor small-molecule mimetics mediated neuroregeneration and synaptic repair: emerging therapeutic modality for Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener. 2016;11(1):50. PMID: 27400670. PMID 27400670 | research article |
| 2016 | P21 | Iqbal K, Liu F, Gong CX. Tau and neurodegenerative disease: the story so far. Nat Rev Neurol. 2016;12(1):15-27. PMID: 26635213. (Parent-context tau review.) PMID 26635213 | research article |
Related pair pages
More research context
Frequently asked
Have Cerebrolysin and P21 been studied together?
Researchers have published mechanistic-level co-administration discussion of Cerebrolysin and P21. No human co-administration trials are catalogued in the Kalios profiles. The pair page lists each compound's classified literature; full citations sit on each individual profile.
What mechanisms do Cerebrolysin and P21 share?
Cerebrolysin and P21 do not share a specific mechanism tag on their Kalios profiles. They appear on the same pair page because at least one profile lists the other in its co-administration data.
What is the FDA status of Cerebrolysin and P21?
Cerebrolysin: Not approved (US). P21: Research only; no IND. FDA-status text is pulled verbatim from each compound profile. See /fda-pcac-2026.html for the broader FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee context.
Where can I find the full research on Cerebrolysin and P21?
Full citation lists, dosing tables from the literature, reconstitution data, and the FDA / WADA status are on the individual compound profiles: the Cerebrolysin profile and the P21 profile. The Kalios Stack Research Tool hub lists every compound covered.
Last updated: April 2026